VNC is
also known as ( Virtual Network Computing) is a great tool for Graphical
Desktop Sharing which allows you to take remote of Linux operating systems
using VNC client tool i.e. VNC Viewer, Also you can take remote of Linux
Systems from Windows Operating System using same VNC viewer client tool but
windows verison (VNC Viewer.exe). It uses Remote Frame Buffer
Protocol to remotely control another Computer. VNC is works like Remote
Desktop Connections (MSTSC).
Not only in Linux, VNC is available for all known Operating Systems like MAC OS X, Microsoft Windows. The Different variations VNC are Real VNC, Tight VNC, Ultra VNC and so on...
The VNC contains Server and Client end applications, to take control the system desktop remotely, Where in Linux Server-End package includes vnc-server and from client it's VNC Viewer (Available for all OS like Windows, Linux....etc...) OR we can take web based remote from client end by URL "http://VNC-Server-IP-Address:Port-Number".
Ports are used by VNC Server :
a. 5801 - Used to Client Connection over HTTP
b. 5901 - Used to Client connection over RFB (Remote Frame Buffer Protocol)
c. 6001 - Used to X-Application Connectivity.
So let's have a look at Configuration part of VNC Server and VNC Client.
VNC SERVER SIDE CONFIGURATION
STEP 1 : GNOME Desktop Installation >>
Not only in Linux, VNC is available for all known Operating Systems like MAC OS X, Microsoft Windows. The Different variations VNC are Real VNC, Tight VNC, Ultra VNC and so on...
The VNC contains Server and Client end applications, to take control the system desktop remotely, Where in Linux Server-End package includes vnc-server and from client it's VNC Viewer (Available for all OS like Windows, Linux....etc...) OR we can take web based remote from client end by URL "http://VNC-Server-IP-Address:Port-Number".
Ports are used by VNC Server :
a. 5801 - Used to Client Connection over HTTP
b. 5901 - Used to Client connection over RFB (Remote Frame Buffer Protocol)
c. 6001 - Used to X-Application Connectivity.
So let's have a look at Configuration part of VNC Server and VNC Client.
VNC SERVER SIDE CONFIGURATION
STEP 1 : GNOME Desktop Installation >>
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y groupinstall
"X Window System" "Desktop"
STEP 2 : VNC-Server Package Installation
>>
Packages Required :
vnc-server.xxx.xxx.rpm
Before Package installation we can check if it's already installed or not by below command.
Packages Required :
vnc-server.xxx.xxx.rpm
Before Package installation we can check if it's already installed or not by below command.
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep vnc # Check if vnc package is installed or not
By-Default the vnc-server package is installed on system but if it's not there
then we can install the packages in two ways :
Installation by .rpm Package for Example :
rpm -ivh <Package Name>
Installation by .rpm Package for Example :
rpm -ivh <Package Name>
[root@localhost
packages]# rpm -ivh vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_3.1.i386.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################
[100%]
1:vnc-server
########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost
packages]#
Note : You can get the vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_3.1.i386.rpm Package from
Redhat/CentOS Installation media.
Install by yum Package Manager :
yum -y install <Package Name>
Install by yum Package Manager :
yum -y install <Package Name>
[root@localhost packages]# yum -y install
vnc-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* addons: mirrors.vonline.vn
* base: mirrors.vonline.vn
* epel: epel.mirror.net.in
* extras: centos.mirror.net.in
* updates: centos.mirror.net.in
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vnc-server.i386
0:4.1.2-14.el5_6.6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
vnc-server i386 4.1.2-14.el5_6.6 base 2.0 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install
1 Package(s)
Upgrade
0 Package(s)
Total download size: 2.0 M
Downloading Packages:
vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_6.6.i386.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:17
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : vnc-server
1/1
Installed:
vnc-server.i386 0:4.1.2-14.el5_6.6
Complete!
[root@localhost packages]#
STEP 3 : Set the Password for Users for
Authentication >>
We need Username and Password for authentication while taking remote from client side, so let's create a password for user root using command vncpasswd.
After run the command it will ask to enter password twice, So enter the same password twice to set the password for VNC remote connection as shown below.
We need Username and Password for authentication while taking remote from client side, so let's create a password for user root using command vncpasswd.
After run the command it will ask to enter password twice, So enter the same password twice to set the password for VNC remote connection as shown below.
[root@localhost ~]# vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
[root@localhost ~]#
Above password will be used while taking remote of the VNC Server.
Here we set the password for the user root as shown on the output above, but if you want you can create your own username and can be used to take remote of vnc server.
Let's take an Example :
First create a user and set password for that as shown below :
Here we set the password for the user root as shown on the output above, but if you want you can create your own username and can be used to take remote of vnc server.
Let's take an Example :
First create a user and set password for that as shown below :
[root@localhost ~]# useradd elinuxbook
[root@localhost ~]# passwd elinuxbook
Changing password for user elinuxbook.
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated
successfully.
[root@localhost ~]#
Now switch to above created user and create password for VNC Remote
Authentication using command vncpasswd as shown below :
[root@localhost ~]# su - elinuxbook
[elinuxbook@localhost ~]$ vncpasswd
elinuxbook
Password:
Verify:
[elinuxbook@localhost ~]$
Note : Keep in mind that above created password for user elinuxbook
using command vncpasswd will be used as a VNC remote authentication.
The passwords we have created in above steps using command vncpasswd for user "root" "elinuxbook" are stored in a file "/home/elinuxbook/.vnc/passwd" which is located at home directory of the user.
Note : .vnc is a hidden directory which can be shown by command ls -a as shown below :
The passwords we have created in above steps using command vncpasswd for user "root" "elinuxbook" are stored in a file "/home/elinuxbook/.vnc/passwd" which is located at home directory of the user.
Note : .vnc is a hidden directory which can be shown by command ls -a as shown below :
[elinuxbook@localhost .vnc]$ cd
[elinuxbook@localhost ~]$ ls -a
.
.bash_history .bash_profile elinuxbook
.viminfo
..
.bash_logout .bashrc .mozilla .vnc
[elinuxbook@localhost ~]$ cd .vnc
[elinuxbook@localhost .vnc]$ ls
passwd
[elinuxbook@localhost .vnc]$
As shown on above output the directory .vnc (Highlighted in color Yellow
is a hidden directory) and the passwd file is highlighted by Orange
color.
STEP 4 : Configure main Configuration File of VNC Server >>
The main configuration file of VNC Server is located at "/etc/sysconfig/vncservers" which is we need to configure to adding users, So follow the below steps.
Edit the /etc/sysconfig/vncservers Configuration file do the required changed as shown below.
STEP 4 : Configure main Configuration File of VNC Server >>
The main configuration file of VNC Server is located at "/etc/sysconfig/vncservers" which is we need to configure to adding users, So follow the below steps.
Edit the /etc/sysconfig/vncservers Configuration file do the required changed as shown below.
# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X
connections to your VNC server via TCP.
# Use "-nohttpd" to prevent
web-based VNC clients connecting.
# Use "-localhost" to prevent
remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel. See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.
# VNCSERVERS="2:myusername"
# VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600
-nolisten tcp -nohttpd -localhost"
VNCSERVERS="1:root"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry
800x600"
As shown on output above just edit the /etc/sysconfig/vncservers file
and add the hilighted lines by yellow color to your bottom of your
configuration file.
Note : replace your username with root and replace the grometry as per your need.
We can mention multiple users as shown below :
Note : replace your username with root and replace the grometry as per your need.
We can mention multiple users as shown below :
# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X
connections to your VNC server via TCP.
# Use "-nohttpd" to prevent
web-based VNC clients connecting.
# Use "-localhost" to prevent
remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel. See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.
# VNCSERVERS="2:myusername"
# VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600
-nolisten tcp -nohttpd -localhost"
VNCSERVERS="1:root
2:elinuxbook"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 800x600"
VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600"
Now start the VNC Service by below command :
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/vncserver
start
Starting VNC server: 1:root
New 'localhost.localdomain:1 (root)' desktop
is localhost.localdomain:1
Creating
default startup script /root/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in
/root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is
/root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:1.log
2:elinuxbook xauth: /tmp/.gdmUJKWQY not writable, changes will be
ignored
New 'localhost.localdomain:2 (elinuxbook)'
desktop is localhost.localdomain:2
Creating
default startup script /home/elinuxbook/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in
/home/elinuxbook/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is
/home/elinuxbook/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:2.log
[ OK ]
[root@localhost ~]#
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